Finance and Economic

How much is it worth to suffer through a terrifying cruise ship grounding?

Italian ship operator Costa Crociere SpA on Friday put the figure at euro11,000 ($14,460) plus reimbursement for the cost of cruise tickets and extra travel expenses, seeking to cut a deal with as many passengers as possible to take the wind out of class-action lawsuits stemming from the Jan. 13 grounding of its Costa Concordia cruise liner off Tuscany.

But many passengers are refusing to accept the deal, saying they can’t yet put a figure on the costs of the trauma they endured. And lawyers are backing them up, telling passengers it’s far too soon to know how people’s lives and livelihoods might be affected by the experience.

“We’re very worried about the children,” said Claudia Urru of Cagliari, Sardinia, who was on the Concordia with her husband and two sons, aged three and 12, when it capsized.

Her elder son is seeing a psychiatrist: He won’t speak about the incident or even look at television footage of the grounding.

“He’s terrorized at night,” she told The Associated Press. “He can’t go to the bathroom alone. We’re all sleeping together, except my husband, who has gone into another room because we don’t all fit.”

As a result, she said, her family retained a lawyer because they don’t know what the real impact _ financial or otherwise _ of the trauma will be. She said her family simply isn’t able to make such decisions now.

“We are having a very, very hard time,” she said.

Costa’s offer, which covers compensation for lost baggage and psychological trauma, was the result of negotiations with several consumer groups who say they are representing 3,206 passengers from 61 countries who suffered no physical harm when the massive cruise ship hit a reef off the island of Giglio.

It’s not clear, though, how many of those passengers will take the deal, even though they’re guaranteed payment within a week of signing on.

In addition to the lump-sum indemnity, Costa, a unit of the world’s biggest cruise operator, Miami-based Carnival Corp., said it would reimburse uninjured passengers the full costs of their cruise, their return travel expenses and any medical expenses they sustained after the grounding.

Costa said the euro11,000 figure is higher than current indemnification limits provided for by law, and added that it wouldn’t deduct anything that insurance companies might kick in.

The deal does not apply to the hundreds of crew on the ship, many of whom have lost their jobs, the roughly 100 people who were injured in the chaotic evacuation, or the families who lost loved ones.

Sixteen bodies have already been recovered from the disaster and another 16 people who were on board are missing and presumed dead.

On Friday, the first known lawsuit was filed against Costa and Carnival by one of the Concordia’s crew members, Gary Lobaton of Peru. The suit, filed in Chicago federal court, accuses Carnival and Costa of negligence because of an unsafe evacuation and is seeking class-action status.

In Italy, some consumer groups have already signed on as injured parties in the criminal case against the Concordia’s captain, Francesco Schettino, who is accused of manslaughter, causing a shipwreck and abandoning the ship before all those aboard were evacuated.

Schettino, who is under house arrest, deviated from the ship’s charted course to bring the Concordia closer to Giglio, gashing the hull on a reef a few hundred meters offshore. He has said the reef wasn’t on his nautical charts.

In addition, Codacons, one of Italy’s best-known consumer groups, has teamed up with two U.S. law firms to launch a class-action lawsuit against Costa and Carnival in Miami, claiming that it expects to get anywhere from euro125,000 ($164,000) to euro1 million ($1.3 million) per passenger.

German attorney Hans Reinhardt, who currently represents 15 Germans who survived the accident and is in talks to represent families who lost loved ones, said he is advising his clients not to take the settlement.

Instead, he along with Codacons is working with one of the U.S. law firms to pursue the class-action suit in Miami.

“What they have lost is much more than euro11,000,” he said of his clients.

But Roberto Corbella, who represented Costa in the negotiations with consumer groups that led to the offer, said the deal provides passengers with quick and “generous” restitution that with all the reimbursements could amount to some euro14,000 ($18,500) per passenger, even non-paying children.

“The big advantage that they have is an immediate response, no legal expenses, and they can put this whole thing behind them,” he told AP.

Melissa Goduti, of Wallingford, Connecticut, is trying to do just that but hasn’t quite been able to. The 28-year-old, who was traveling with her mother aboard the Concordia, says she can’t sleep at night _ “nothing works, even meds” _ and has been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder.

She said Costa had offered to pay for three to five counseling sessions for the PTSD, but that she’ll need more.

“That will not fix my problem,” she said in an email. “No one is going to get over this tragic event in 3-5 counseling sessions.”

Passenger Ophelie Gondelle of Marseille, France, said euro11,000 was paltry “especially considering the psychological” trauma she endured. She said she and her boyfriend are taking part in a French class-action effort underway instead.

Urru, the Sardinian mother of two, said her family was so traumatized by the grounding that when it came time to go home the day after, they flew to Sardinia from Rome rather than take the ferry because everyone was too terrified to go near a ship.

“It was impossible,” to go by boat, she said.

For the past several days, she has kept busy by preparing a box of goods to send to a resident on the island of Giglio who let her family and their friends _ a total of 10 people _ stay in a holiday apartment the night of the grounding.

Urru said she was sending seven sweaters and two blankets to make up for the things that her family took from the apartment, since they had nothing to guard against the freezing Tuscan chill. She said she was also sending the homeowner some cheese and salami and typical Sardinian sweets.

“Inside this apartment, it was so warm, so welcoming. They gave us everything that was inside the house,” Urru said. “They were truly, truly wonderful.”

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The number of Americans filing for new jobless benefits dropped to a near four-year low last week, pointing to some building up of momentum in the labor market and the economy.

But the upbeat economic outlook was dampened by other data on Thursday showing a drop in new residential construction in December after hefty gains the prior month.

Initial claims for state unemployment benefits plunged 50,000 to a seasonally adjusted 352,000, the lowest level since April 2008, the Labor Department said.

That was the largest drop since September 2005 and took claims within spitting distance of the 350,000 mark that economists say would signal strong job growth.

The four-week moving average of claims, considered to be a better measure of labor market trends, dropped 3,500 to 379,000 last week. Analysts had expected initial claims to fall only to 385,000.

“We have to see if there are some seasonality issues involved here, but on the surface this number looks to be very positive and is pretty much consistent with other data we’ve seen recently that suggest improvement in underlying fundamentals in the U.S.,” said Omer Esiner, chief market analyst at Commonwealth Foreign Exchange.

U.S. stock futures added to gains after the data, while Treasury debt prices widened losses.

Last week’s claims data covered the survey period for January nonfarm payrolls and claims dropped by 14,000 between the December and January survey periods.

Payrolls increased 200,000 in December, with the unemployment rate dropping to a near three-year low of 8.5 percent.

The claims data builds on a rash of stronger-than-expected economic signals and could further temper expectations among some economists that the Federal Reserve could launch a fresh round of bond buying to spur the recovery.

The Fed meets next week and no policy action is expected, outside from the possibility the central bank may signal it will keep overnight rates pressed to zero for longer than had previously been expected.

But with continued signs of stress in the housing market, the U.S. central bank will stay very much in the picture.

Housing starts fell 4.1 percent to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 657,000 units in December, the Commerce Department said in a separate report guaranteed payday loans. Economists had expected housing starts to fall to a 680,000-unit rate.

Permits for future home construction slipped 0.1 percent to an annual rate of 679,000 units last month.

“Housing continues to bounce along at the bottom, suggesting that housing is not going to recover for several years to come. If we are relying on housing to drive this recovery it seems we will continue on this tepid path for a very long time,” said Lindsey Piegza, an economist at FTN Financial in New York.

INFLATION STILL MUTED

In another report, the Labor Department said its Consumer Price Index was unchanged in December for a second straight month.

Core CPI - excluding food and energy - inched up 0.1 percent after rising up 0.2 percent in November. That was in line with economists’ expectations.

Last month, overall inflation was held back by gasoline prices, which fell 2.0 percent - declining for a third straight month. Food prices rose a modest 0.2 percent after nudging up 0.1 percent in November.

Overall consumer prices rose 3.0 percent year-on-year after increasing 3.4 percent in November. That was in line with economists’ expectations.

Core consumer prices were last month dampened by new motor vehicle costs, which fell 0.2 percent - the third straight month of declines. Prices for used cars and trucks dropped 0.9 percent, falling a fourth month in a row.

Apparel prices slipped 0.1 percent, indicating discounting by retailers to attract holiday shoppers. Apparel prices rose 0.6 percent in November.

But housing costs held up, with owners’ equivalent rent rising 0.2 percent last month, reflecting the rising demand for rental apartments as the weak housing market pushes Americans away from home ownership. This category rose 0.1 percent in November.

In the 12 months to December, core CPI increased 2.2 percent after rising by the same margin in November. This measure has rebounded from a record low of 0.6 percent in October.

The Fed would like to see core inflation at 2 percent or a little under, although the price measure its follows most closely tends to run below the core CPI.

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GROOVY GROVE: One of St. Louis’ newest designated communities, the Grove, has started off the new year with several new business openings and planned openings of several more.

Urban Breath Yoga at 4237 Manchester Avenue opened on Jan. 1, which, yes, was intended to coincide with the need for a place for hangover recovery. Director Cathleen Williams said the studio was previously located in Dogtown, and that she made the new space the main location because it has a larger reception area and additional room for classes.

Located in the same block is No Coast Skateboards, which opened last year and bills itself as the only skater-owned and operated shop in St. Louis. Planning to open soon along the same stretch is the SoHo Restaurant and Lounge, which is described as an upscale restaurant with a rooftop deck for dining and lounging payday loan.

Sameem Afghan Restaurant, which had originally been on South Grand but closed for a couple of years, reopened last week at 4341 Manchester Avenue. Owner Fahime Mohammad also operates Al Waha Restaurant and Hookah Lounge at the old Sameem’s location. He also operates the Kabob Palace catering company in Manchester.

The addition of Afghan cuisine adds another dimension to the variety of international cuisine in the Grove, which also has restaurants offering Baja Mexican, Nepalese, soul food and Spanish tapas. Rounding it off will be O’Shay’s Irish Pub, which is planning a spring opening.

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An email landed in my inbox the other day from a startup called Timehop. In that email, there were pieces of my online life posted a year ago that day.

"Feeling inspired," I had tweeted January 6 , 2010. And then there was a picture I had posted of my best friend sitting at our favorite local restaurant in the East Village, the one that months later closed its doors after 20 years.

The next day, I received an email documenting a tweet I’d sent to another good friend leaving CNN. "We’re losing a good one," I tweeted him in farewell. Later that day, I posted a picture of my favorite building lit by afternoon sunlight in what has now become my old neighborhood.

Nostalgic? Just a bit.

That’s why Timehop is betting our social media history will become more important in a world where much of our lives are documented online.

Sign up and connect your Twitter, Foursquare, Facebook, and Instagram account and every morning a piece of your social media history will land in your inbox showing what you tweeted a year ago on that date, the pictures you posted, and the places you were.

"We’re producing enough content in digital form that we have a digital past," Timehop co-founder Jonathan Wegener said. "You’re following your own life story, which is pretty interesting." Wegener added that Timehop has tens of thousands of subscribers.

The interest in eventually looking back online is part of the reason Facebook overhauled its interface to create Timeline, a new version of the site that would also serve as a digital scrapbook and essentially, a story of our lives.

Until Facebook launched Timeline, it was tough to view your past actions on the service.

"We knew people wanted to dig back in," Meredith Chin, manager of product communications at Facebook said. "We wanted people to be able to see a return on investment they put in over the years and also look back and reflect things that were important to them."

Companies like Foursquare and Twitter don’t allow users an easy way of looking back at old tweets and check-ins, and Timehop hopes to position itself as the place to do that.

"Everyone’s focused on real time and there’s an incredibly powerful product to be built on the past," Wegener said. "That’s the product we’re building."

Code Year draws 200,000 aspiring programmers

Timehop was a spin off of 4SquareAnd7YearsAgo, which was originally built out of a Foursquare hackathon in February of last year. That service simply sent you reminders of your Foursquare check-ins in the past credit reports free.

Wegener was a part of the latest Techstars class, an influential incubator program in New York that matches entrepreneurs with mentors. He was working on another startup called FriendsList, which was meant to take on Craigslist.

Wegener said Timehop was always a side startup but people just latched on to it. So he stopped working on FriendsList and is now working on Timehop full time with two other coworkers. He wouldn’t comment on VC funding.

The service uses the public APIs from social networks like Twitter and Foursquare to collect that data and send it to users in a daily email.

"What’s the point?" you might ask. I thought the same, but in a world where our musings are tweeted and our favorite moments shared on our smartphones, it doesn’t hurt to have a little reminder of where we were a year ago.

Wegener says the gentle digital reminders from the past in a daily email are "emotionally powerful," citing users who are reliving their child’s birth and viewing pictures they posted a year earlier.

But what happens when we don’t want to be reminded of the past? What if the daily reminder mentions an ex-boyfriend or someone who has since died?

Wegener admitted that’s been a problem for Timehop. "We’ve had a surprising number of people unsubscribing due to people not wanting to relive a tough patch of history," he said.

The crew is currently working on a filter that would allow users more control over their reminders and a snooze feature that would turn off the service temporarily.

Wegener, who has spent nearly a year on the project, says the tweets we send, the pictures we post, and the other bits of media we’ve started creating on a daily basis will ultimately gain value.

"The content you create gains value with time. So whether it’s a photograph or tweet, it becomes more emotional with time — it ages like wine," he said.

Of course, the philosophy must be backed by a business plan and it’s not clear whether Timehop will be able to pull that off. Timehop eventually hopes to make money from advertising. Wegener said there is also potential for virtual gifts connected with a service that celebrates the past.

Only time will tell if our digital past will be a success in the future. We’ll sign up for Timehop and check back in a year. 

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Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago President Charles Evans said the drop in the unemployment rate to 8.5 percent may be partially reversed in coming months.

NEW YORK, N.Y.

J.C. Penney Co. named board member Thomas J. Engibous, former head of Texas Instruments, as the department store chain’s new chairman. He succeeds Myron E. Ullman III, former chief executive and chairman, who is finishing up his reign at Penney’s.

The announcement adds the finishing touches to a major management transformation at the mid-price retailer.

Ullman, who became Penney’s CEO in 2004, gave up that title Nov. 1 to Ron Johnson, a former executive at Apple Inc. who took over merchandising and marketing responsibilities and then planned to assume the rest of the responsibilities Feb. 1. During the three-month transition period, Ullman served as executive chairman.

The company said that Engibous will become chairman Jan. 28, which marks the end of Penney’s fiscal year.

Under Ullman, J.C. Penney added popular brands like European clothing line MNG by Mango and Sephora cosmetics. But the department store chain is still struggling to be more inviting. The department store chain posted disappointing holiday sales as it has faced stiff competition from Macy’s Inc. and other clothing sellers.

J.C. Penney reported that revenue at stores open at least a year rose 0.3 percent in December, missing the company’s expectations. This figure is a key indicator of a retailer’s health because it excludes results from stores recently opened or closed. The company also said on Thursday that it expects to lose money in the fourth quarter personal loans for people with bad credit.

Engibous said in a statement on Tuesday that he will help J.C. Penney as it looks to lure more shoppers to its stores.

Engibous is a retired chairman and former CEO of Texas Instruments Inc. He has been a J.C. Penney board member since 1999 and has served as lead independent director and presiding director since 2008.

Johnson said in prepared remarks that Engibous has been invaluable to him in his early days leading the retailer and expects him to assist in the company’s quest to build itself into “America’s Favorite Store.”

The company took one step toward revitalizing itself last month when it announced that it is buying a 16.6 percent stake in Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. for $38.5 million. Starting in February 2013, mini-Martha Stewart shops will appear inside most of J.C. Penney stores, and the companies will operate a joint website. Later this month, Johnson is expected to unveil plans on a new pricing strategy and other broad-sweeping intitiatives.

J.C. Penney runs more than 1,100 stores in the U.S. and Puerto Rico.

Shares slipped 8 cents to $34.49 in morning trading.

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Construction spending jumped in November as builders spent more on single-family homes, apartments and remodeling projects.

The Commerce Department said Tuesday that spending on construction projects rose 1.2 percent in November, following a revised 0.2 percent drop in October. The increase was the third in four months and the largest since a 2.2 percent rise in August.

The November increase pushed spending to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $807.1 billion, still barely half the $1.5 trillion that economists consider healthy. Analysts say it could be four years before construction returns to health levels.

Home construction has begun a gradual rebound and likely added to the nation’s economic growth in 2011. The chief reason is apartments are being built almost twice as fast as two years ago. Renting is the only option for many people who have lost their jobs, their homes or both.

For November, private residential construction increased 2 percent in November to a seasonally adjusted $522.3 billion. It was the fifth consecutive gain.

Single-family construction rose 1.5 percent while multi-family construction including apartments rose 1.3 percent. The category that covers home remodeling rose 9.5 percent.

Nonresidential construction was unchanged at an annual rate of $243.7 billion, Spending on hotels and hospitals rose but those gains were offset by weakness in other areas. Spending on office buildings dropped 1.3 percent and the category that includes shopping centers fell 0.8 percent.

Spending on government projects rose 1.7 percent to an annual rate of $284.9 billion. That followed a 1.8 percent drop in October. State and local construction gained 1.3 percent and federal building activity increased 5.3 percent. But even with those gains, activity in the government sector was down 5.3 percent from a year ago.

The construction industry was hit hard by the housing bust and has had trouble recovering since the recession ended more than two years ago.

Severe budget problems have squeezed state and local governments while the federal government has come under pressure to get control of soaring budget deficits.

Private builders haven’t fared much better. While their spending increased, they have scaled back on construction plans and are working from depressed levels.

Builders in November broke ground on homes at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 685,000. That was a 9.3 percent jump from October and the fastest pace since April 2010.

Builders should start at least 600,000 homes this year. That’s up from 587,000 last year and 554,000 in 2009 _ the worst year on record. Still, that’s half the number that economists expect in a healthy market.

While construction may be turning around, home sales are still weak. This year will likely end up as the worst for new-home sales in history.

While new homes represent less than one-fifth the housing market, they have an outsize impact on the economy. Each home built creates an average of three jobs for a year and generates about $90,000 in taxes, according to the National Association of Home Builders.

Builders are struggling to compete with weak demand because of still-high unemployment and a glut of homes on the market because of foreclosures and short sales _ where lenders accept less for a house than the mortgage on the home is worth. Those homes are selling for at an average discount of 20 percent, which is lowering neighboring home values.

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Fitch ratings agency said Friday that it will put a default rating on Greece’s government bonds as a result of the eurozone’s new plan to get banks to share the burden of helping the country.

The eurozone plan says banks will be asked to contribute billions to Greece by rolling over debt, swapping bonds or selling them back at low prices.

As expected, Fitch said that because that would mean a loss for those banks, it will lower Greece’s rating to “restricted rating.” That rating could be lifted, however, as soon as Greece issues new bonds to the banks.

Those new bonds would be guaranteed by eurozone governments.

The banks’ contribution is part of a broad deal to help Greece.

The country will get euro109 billion ($156 billion) in new financing in a complex package that includes new loans, buybacks of Greek debt, and credit guarantees under the deal agreed Thursday by the leaders of the 17 countries that use the euro.

The European plan will help ease Greece’s burden by cutting interest rates and extending repayment on bailout loans, and by asking Greek bondholders such as banks and investment and pension funds to accept less than the full value of their investments through bond swaps and rollovers. Those transactions will give them bonds that pay less interest _ around 4.5 percent on average _ over a much longer period of 30 years.

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French Finance Minister Christine Lagarde is expected to be chosen as early as Tuesday to be the new leader of the International Monetary Fund.

Lagarde would be the first woman to lead the lending organization. She would replace Dominique Strauss-Kahn, who resigned last month after being charged with sexually assaulting a New York City hotel housekeeper. Lagarde was opposed by Agustin Carstens, a Mexican central banker whose candidacy never caught fire, even among developing countries.

Lagarde has broad support in Europe payday loans guaranteed no fax. And a high-ranking Chinese official said Monday that Beijing supports Lagarde, according to several reports.

U.S. officials haven’t publicly backed any candidate. But most analysts expect the Obama administration to support Lagarde. Combined, the United States, Europe and China hold a majority of votes on the IMF’s board.

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