Finance and Economic

All 50 states were hit with increases of more than one percentage point in their unemployment rates last year, according to a new report from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The sharpest rise occurred in Michigan, where the average jobless rate for 2009 was 13.6 percent, up 5.3 points from 2008’s average of 8.3 percent.

The only other state with an increase of more than five points was Nevada, which soared from an average unemployment rate of 6.7 percent two years ago to 11.8 percent last year.

New York’s increase was 3.1 points — from an annual jobless rate of 5 freecreditscore.3 percent in 2008 to 8.4 percent in 2009.

The figures were contained in the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ yearend report for 2009, which included a full set of annual averages. The results for all 50 states and the District of Columbia can be accessed by clicking here.

North Dakota was the most stable state in 2009. Its annual unemployment rate of 4.3 percent was just 1.1 points higher than its 2008 average of 3.2 percent.

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European Union Monetary Affairs Commissioner Olli Rehn will likely push Greece to do more to cut its budget deficit today as governments craft a possible rescue package for the cash-strapped nation.

Rehn will meet with Prime Minister George Papandreou as German lawmakers say euro-area officials are devising a plan to grant Greece about 25 billion euros ($34 billion) in aid should it need help financing its debt, possibly by using state-owned lenders such as the KfW Group to buy its bonds.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Luxembourg Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker signaled yesterday that Rehn will warn Greece it must do more to narrow the EU’s largest budget gap and can’t rely on taxpayers elsewhere to help until it acts. Adding to the political pressure, the fiscal strategy of Papandreou’s government may soon be tested by investors as it readies a sale of as much as 5 billion euros of 10-year notes.

“If the Greek government cannot raise the necessary funds in the commercial market, which continues to look unlikely, then bilateral loans will be forthcoming,” said Erik Nielsen, chief European economist at Goldman Sachs Group Inc. in London.

The euro weakened for the first time in four days, falling to $1.3608 from $1.3631. It declined versus 13 of 16 most-active currencies.

Deficit Reduction

Rehn arrives after European officials pored over the government’s books to verify it’s doing enough to knock 4 percentage points off its budget deficit from last year’s 12.7 percent of gross domestic product. The country has until March 16 to satisfy fellow EU governments that its deficit reduction plan is on track and faces being pressed to increase consumer taxes and lower capital spending if it can’t show sufficient progress.

Juncker, who speaks for euro-area finance ministers, yesterday indicated more will be demanded. Greece needs to “take additional actions” to pare its shortfall and “must understand that the taxpayer in Germany, Belgium or Luxembourg isn’t prepared to correct the mistakes of Greek fiscal policy,” he told Eleftherotypia newspaper.

In an interview with ARD Television, Merkel denied money has been set aside to bail out Greece and said the country has to “do its homework.” Speaking after the euro recorded its third straight monthly loss against the dollar, its longest losing streak since November 2008, Merkel said the single currency is “certainly facing the most difficult phase.”

‘May Not Survive’

Billionaire investor George Soros said on CNN yesterday that the euro “may not survive” the Greek turmoil.

Investors last week continued to question Greece’s chances of cutting its budget deficit. Greek two-year yields rose by as much as 75 basis points on Feb. 25, the most since Jan. 20. The spread between 10-year German bunds and Greek securities of a similar maturity widened 12 basis points in the week to 330 basis points payday loans with no fax.

Still, the cost of insuring against default on Greek government debt fell for the first day in more than a week on Feb. 26 on speculation the nation will pledge tougher steps. Credit-default swaps on Greece dropped 35.6 basis points to 364.02, according to CMA Datavision. The contracts are down from Feb. 4’s record 428.25 basis points.

Papandreou told the Greek parliament on Feb. 26 that the nation will “meet the challenge with whatever cost and pain we will need to go through.” Government spokesman George Petalotis said in an interview the same day that more measures will be concerned if the EU deems it necessary.

EU Limit

Greece needs to raise 53 billion euros this year and redeem more than 20 billion euros of bonds by the end of May, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. It vows to reduce its budget gap below the EU limit of 3 percent of GDP in 2012. The European Commission forecasts a debt equivalent to 124.9 percent of GDP this year.

KfW’s purchase of Greek bonds, backed by German government guarantees, would be an emergency measure as it would risk inviting investors to speculate against other euro region countries, the German lawmakers said on condition of anonymity because the information is confidential. France’s state-owned Caisse des Depots may also be involved, Greece’s Ta Nea newspaper reported Feb. 27. The Wall Street Journal said the plan may total 30 billion euros.

“Greece won’t be allowed to sink on the condition it respects its commitments to stabilize its budget,” French Finance Minister Christine Lagarde told Europe 1 radio yesterday. “We have a certain number of proposals in the euro zone, involving either private partners or public partners or both.”

Strikes

EU leaders ordered Greece on Feb. 11 to slash its budget deficit, while promising “determined” yet unspecified action to help if needed. Papandreou will on March 5 meet with Merkel, who yesterday suggested she is worried “emotions” may be spinning out of control.

Complicating the country’s efforts last week were another round of strikes and warnings from Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service that they may soon cut Greece’s debt rating if the government flounders in reducing its deficit.

The government intends to sell 10-year notes by early March, according to a Jan. 26 statement from the Public Debt Management Agency. Fund managers who may take part in the issue say Greece must offer the biggest premium over benchmark German debt since 1998, paying a coupon of about 7 percent.

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Iceland’s government will meet opposition lawmakers today, seeking consensus over a U.K. and Dutch proposal to amend the terms of a loan covering foreign depositor claims that led to a souring of international relations and stalled payments of the island’s bailout.

“I can’t comment on the specifics of the offer we received, although I can say that it’s worth consideration,” said Foreign Minister Ossur Skarphedinsson in a phone interview yesterday. Prime Minister Johanna Sigurdardottir told broadcaster RUV on Feb. 20 the new offer significantly reduced the burden on Iceland.

One option is a floating interest rate instead of the 5.5 percent rate set when the $5.3 billion loan agreement was made in October and an interest-rate holiday may also be considered, according to government officials on Feb 19. They declined to be identified because the proposals have not been made public.

The new rate will make it cheaper for Iceland to repay a loan granted to cover deposits at failed Landsbanki Islands hf’s Icesave Internet bank. Iceland has been trying to restore relations with the British and the Dutch after President Olafur R. Grimsson blocked a bill intended to compensate the two countries. That rejection means the legislation will be put to a March 6 referendum, which most polls show Icelanders will reject.

It’s unlikely the government will try to introduce any new proposal to the parliament, unless it enjoys a wide political consensus, Skarphedinsson said yesterday.

“A proposal that has the backing of a strong majority in parliament is unlikely to be opposed by Iceland’s president,” he said.

‘Hang On’

After last night’s meeting, Sigurdardottir said she would “hang on to the hope of reaching an agreement, until something else is revealed.”

Standard & Poor’s has said it may follow Fitch Ratings decision, made when the bill was suspended, to cut Iceland’s credit grade to junk. Sigurdardottir previously signaled her government wanted to renegotiate the bill before it’s put to a vote.

The suspension of the Icesave bill, named after the high- yielding Internet accounts offered by failed Landsbanki, has put in question the continuation of Iceland’s $4.6 billion International Monetary Fund-led loan.

While the IMF has said continued disbursement of its $2.1 billion portion of the emergency loan isn’t linked to Icesave, the fund can’t provide installments without financing from contributing nations. Nordic countries that are providing $2.5 billion have indicated they want Icesave resolved before they resume payment.

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Greece replaced its debt management chief as declines in the country’s bonds roil European markets.

Petros Christodoulou, general manager of treasury and global markets at National Bank of Greece SA, the country’s biggest lender, will take over from Spyros Papanicolaou as head of the Athens-based Public Debt Management Agency, the country’s Finance Ministry said yesterday in an e-mailed statement.

“The incoming guy is walking into a tough mandate,” said Charles Diebel, senior interest-rate strategist at Nomura International Plc in London. “Such is the sentiment towards Greece at the moment, a new broom could be a positive.”

Greek bonds have slumped in the past two months, driving yields to the highest in 10 years, on concern the government will struggle to narrow a budget deficit that is more than four times the European Union limit. Prime Minister George Papandreou’s government needs to sell 53 billion euros ($72 billion) of debt this year, the equivalent of 20 percent of gross domestic product.

Papanicolaou, a former central bank official, was appointed general director of the debt office by the previous New Democracy government in January 2005. His predecessor, Christopher Sardelis, had held the role since 1999, when the organization was created.

“I’m not stepping down,” Papanicolaou said in a telephone interview yesterday. “It’s normal” that a new government changes staff, he said. “It’s a long tradition. Whether it’s good or not, that’s another story,” he said.

Rising Yields

The Greek government is under pressure to show that it can reduce a budget deficit that was equivalent to 12.7 percent of gross domestic product last year after the EU this week stopped short of offering financial support.

The yield on Greek two-year notes has remained above 5 percent, the highest in the euro region, even after officials this week urged the nation to reduce the deficit. The premium investors demand to hold the notes instead of benchmark German securities has held above 4 percentage points, the most since the Mediterranean nation joined the euro and more than 10 times its 37 basis point average the past decade.

The yield on two-year Greek government notes yesterday rose 31 basis points to 5.67 percent. The 10-year bond yield added 16 basis points to 6.54 percent.

“It’s a very challenging job,” Papanicolaou said. “We are going through a very difficult period.”

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Uncertainly about the future prospects for jobs in America got even foggier Wednesday as two reports on job cuts revealed conflicting results.

A report from Automatic Data Processing, a firm that collects monthly payroll data, suggested that the pace of job cuts may be slowing. But a separate report from Challenger, which predicts job cuts based on forward-looking announcements from companies, said planned cuts hit a 5-month high in January.

ADP (ADP, Fortune 500) said private-sector employers cut 22,000 jobs in January, marking the smallest decline since February of 2008. Economists surveyed by Briefing.com had forecast a loss of 30,000 jobs in January.

The number of cuts in December was revised down to 61,000 from the previously reported 84,000.

"We aren’t doing a whole lot of hiring yet, but I think you can safely say the firing is starting to stop," said John Canally, an economist at LPL Financial. "And this shows that we’re close to adding more jobs."

The service sector reported an increase of 38,000 jobs in January, marking the second consecutive month of job growth for that sector following a 21-month decline.

The figure was offset by a loss of 60,000 in the goods-producing sector and a drop of 25,000 manufacturing jobs, which marked its lowest level since January, 2008.

In a separate report Wednesday, outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas Inc, said planned job cuts had accelerated in January.

"[The Challenger report] uses a different metric," said Canally. "The job cut announcements aren’t actual layoffs, they are plans in place to cut jobs in the future, but not all of those end up being lost — some are unfilled positions and some are added back later."

Challenger said employers announced 71,482 layoffs in January, reversing what had been a steady decline in layoff announcements.

January’s figure is up 59% from December 2009, when layoffs fell to a 24-month low of 45,094. But it was a sharp drop from the 241,749 cuts announced a year ago.

"It is not uncommon to see a surge in job-cut announcements to begin the year," said Challenger CEO John Challenger. "Companies are making adjustments based on the previous year’s results and the outlook for the year ahead.

The retail and telecom sectors were the hardest hit in January, with 16,737 and 14,010 job cuts, respectively. Last month Wal-Mart (WMT, Fortune 500) said it would shed 11,200 positions at its Sam’s Clubs Warehouse outlets, and Verizon Communications (VZ, Fortune 500), announced 13,000 layoffs.

"The beginning of the year is particularly rough on retail workers, as [their] employers enter one of the slower sales periods of the year," Challenger said.

Despite the monthly decline, Canally said the report signals future job growth.

"This is still pretty much a decade-low for job cut announcements, which shows that the economy is probably about to turn around," said Canally. "The outlook is getting clearer, so I wouldn’t be too concerned about this bump in January."

Wednesday’s reports precede the closely watched monthly jobs report from the Labor Department due Friday. That’s expected to show employment levels essentially unchanged in January, according to a consensus of economists polled by Briefing.com, compared to a loss of 85,000 jobs in December.

The unemployment rate is expected to remain unchanged at 10%. 

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After four years of relative stability, Savvis Inc. is again looking for a new chief executive.

Phil Koen, who took the helm of the Town and Country-based company during a turbulent time, resigned abruptly Friday.

Koen will be replaced temporarily by Savvis Chairman Jim Ousley while the company searches for a more permanent option. The search is expected to take three to six months.

On Monday, Ousley said Koen’s departure is simply part of the company’s evolution. Koen joined the cloud computing firm — it provides information technology services and data storage for other companies — after former CEO Robert McCormick’s ugly departure. He left in late 2005 amid controversy over a $241,000 bill at a New York topless club that had been charged to a company credit card.

During Koen’s tenure, the company remade itself through acquisitions and the construction of data centers.

"The new CEO will have different traits than Phil. But Phil’s were ideal for that time," Ousley said.

Where Koen excelled in operational and financial areas, the new leader will be expected to have strong business development and sales and marketing skills, he said.

There’s certainly a challenge awaiting the company’s next chief executive.

After several years of significant losses following the dot-com bust, the firm finally turned a profit in 2007, only to slip again when the economy failed. Still, Ousley said Savvis is confident it is positioned to take advantage of an improving economic environment.

As to the suddenness of Koen’s departure, Ousley said it followed lengthy discussions about the company’s future and whether Koen wanted to commit another three to four years. Once the decision was made, there was no reason to put it off, with a considerable amount of strategic planning about be done, Ousley said.

"It came quicker just because it was the end of the year," he said.

In a company release, Koen cited the strength of the company’s management team and said "this is an excellent time for me to move on to a new opportunity and to watch Savvis continue to grow and excel."

Ousley also said the company has no plans to leave the St. Louis area.

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NEW YORK–AT&T Inc. said Thursday it would no longer sponsor Tiger Woods, joining Accenture in dropping support for the world’s top golfer, who’s taking a break from the sport to focus on his marriage after his admitted infidelity.

The phone company hasn’t used Woods’ image extensively in advertising, but its logo appeared on his golf bag. That deal had been billed as a "multiyear" agreement when it was signed early in 2009, after Buick ended its endorsement one year early because of its financial woes.

Woods has also been the host of the AT&T National PGA Tour event since it started in 2007. Tour spokesman Ty Votaw said that since Woods is on indefinite leave from professional golf, he will not serve as host for the 2010 event. However, his Tiger Woods Foundation will continue to be the beneficiary of the AT&T National, under a contract that runs through 2014, Votaw said.

AT&T said it would continue to sponsor the event.

Woods won the 2009 AT&T National in July at the Congressional Country Club in Bethesda, Md.

The AT&T National tournament is moving to Aronomick Country Club in eastern Pennsylvania for the next two years as Congressional prepares to play host to the 2011 U.S. Open.

AT&T has also been the presenting sponsor of the annual Tiger Jam concert event in Las Vegas.

AT&T, which is based in Dallas, did not comment on its reasons for dropping Woods, or how much the relationship was worth.

Woods’ agent, Mark Steinberg, had no comment on AT&T’s decision.

Woods’ image has taken a beating since a late November car accident at the golfer’s Florida home was followed by an admission of extramarital "transgressions."

Consulting firm Accenture dropped the athlete two weeks ago, saying he was "no longer the right representative" of the company’s values.

Gillette, a unit of the Procter & Gamble Co., also has said it won’t air ads for its razors that include Woods or include him in public appearances.

Swiss watch maker Tag Heuer, a unit of luxury goods empire LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton, also said that it would "downscale” its use of golfer Tiger Woods’ image in its advertising campaigns for the foreseeable future.

Electronic Arts Inc., which puts out the "Tiger Woods PGA Tour" series of golf video games, has not said what its plans are for the franchise.

Nike Inc. and PepsiCo Inc.’s Gatorade are other big sponsors that haven’t severed their ties.

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More doctors are dropping their private practices, choosing to go to work behind bars treating murderers, rapists and other hardened criminals.

Better pay, better hours, retirement benefits and free malpractice insurance are just a few of the reasons why physicians are picking prisoners over civilian patients.

In 2009, private contractor Prison Health Services (PHS) saw a 77% increase over 2008 in the number of respondents applying for job opportunities.

At the University of Massachusetts Medical School, this year 22 of 150 new students chose the correctional health care clerkship as their first choice, more than double the typical response.

"Students are looking for an employer who offers flexible work hours and a steady paycheck. Correctional health care offers both," said Dr. Michelle Staples-Horne, medical director for the Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice, adding that doctors who have stayed with a government agency long enough also benefit from pension plans.

Typically a salaried job with steady work hours, correctional physicians can earn starting salaries of around $140,000, according to Staples-Horne, roughly the same as the average school loan for graduating med students.

A dangerous job?

Dr. Kurt Johnson dumped his practice and became a jailhouse doctor in November. Johnson operated a solo practice in Laramie, Wyo., for six years. Two years ago he started working part time for Brentwood, Tenn.-based PHS, a division of America Service Group (ASGR), which provides doctors, nurses and other health care professionals to detention centers around the country.

"I never thought of correctional health care as a career. It wasn’t even on my radar in [medical school] training," said Johnson, now a regional medical director for PHS.

At his private practice he had to cram in dozens of patients daily, sometimes for only five minutes, just to earn enough to cover his overhead expenses.

He was constantly filing insurance paperwork, and malpractice insurance was eating into his income.

With correctional health care, Johnson has a steady paycheck of about $175,000 — roughly 20% more than he made in private practice.

"Since I was a PHS employee, my malpractice insurance was covered through them. I felt like they had my back," he said.

But he’s still getting used to the sound of the prison doors slamming shut. "It’s an impressive sound. It gives me goose bumps at times wired payday loan."

He has treated death row inmates. "It’s intimidating," he admits, but says he’s never felt physically threatened by his patients.

Staples-Horne agrees that doctors typically didn’t consider prison to be an ideal or safe setting to practice medicine. She admits that there is risk, but points out that most doctors don’t have the benefit of high security that prisons provide.

"Doctors are often safer in this setting than in an emergency room when you don’t know any thing about the person coming in," she said. "You don’t know if they have a weapon, if they are violent or aggressive."

Doctors say the medical problems affecting inmates can range from simple ailments to serious, chronic problems such as drug and alcohol addiction, heart disease, cancer and AIDS.

Health care on the inside

Dr. Ryan Herrington is a regional medical director with Correctional Medical Services, a St. Louis-based contracted health care provider.

Herrington, a general physician, closed his private practice in Ohio and started working full time in the prison system in April. Anecdotally, Herrington said there is growing interest among doctors seeking opportunity in the corrections environment.

He feels he now has "the financial stability that was harder to attain in private practice."

But Herrington said his own interest in public health also influenced his decision. "These patients have problems that are complex," Herrington said. "They have gone through a tremendous period of time with no health care prior to incarceration."

PHS’s Dr. Johnson is mostly happy with his decision. His prison work allows him to spend more time with his wife and three children. In fact, he credits his patients for making him a better doctor.

"I’m trying to make this a career," said Johnson. "So I’ve also honed my BS detector quite a bit. Now I know when they’re trying to get one over me."

Are you stuck in a lousy 401(k) plan at work but want help maximizing your retirement savings? Send us an email at makeover@moneymail.com. For the CNNMoney.com Comment Policy, click here.
 

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The beleaguered auto industry is poised for a slow but steady turnaround in 2010 that will usher in an era of profitability and job growth after years of declines, according to a new industry forecast.

The Conference Board of Canada, a private-sector economic forecaster, said the auto sector isn't necessarily out of trouble but there are encouraging signs that profits will return in 2010 and strengthen each year through to at least 2014.

"The Canadian auto industry appears to have turned a corner in the second half of 2009 and is expected to return to profitability in 2010," economist Sabrina Browarski wrote in the report.

"However, production will remain below historical levels," Browarski added. "Manufacturers will have to make concerted and ongoing efforts to streamline product line-ups, control costs, and innovate to maintain profitability."

The Conference Board said the industry will close 2009 with a $2.3-billion loss before taxes, but Canadian auto assemblers including the Japanese carmakers Toyota and Honda will have a collective profit of $100 million in the final quarter.

Still, the Conference Board expects Canadian production for all of 2009 to be about half of what it was in 2007, due to a halt in production by Chrysler and General Motors at the beginning of 2009.

"In fact, real production this year will fall below levels not seen since the 1992 recession," the report said.

The forecast for 2010 sees the industry returning to the black with before-tax profits of $263 million, a number which will rise to just under $2 billion in 2014.

The Conference Board indicated that conditions south of the border will determine the pace of recovery for Canadian auto producers because 84 per cent of production is destined for the U.S. market.

In the United States, vehicle sales are expected to edge up to 11.6 million units in 2010, with industry revenues rising by nearly 38 per cent.

Tony Faria, co-director of the automotive research centre at the University of Windsor, said the report is on par with analysts' predictions that the market is slowly returning.

"The expectation is that 2010 (and) 2011 will be rather slow growth years in the auto industry," he said.

Faria said the North American auto market demand will rise from 12.3 million vehicles in 2009 to as much 14 million in 2010. In the years before the recession hit, the market had called for about 20 million vehicles each year.

"It's going to be a slightly better market next year than this year, although the market's going to be well below the level that we became accustomed to from 1999 through 2007, which were nine extraordinarily good years."

Auto analyst Dennis DesRosiers was less optimistic than the report, saying there is too much competing information that makes it difficult to tell whether or not the industry is taking a turn for the better.

"My independent assessment is that this industry is still in a lot of trouble and a lot of denial…(as to) how serious the issues still are," DesRosiers said.

"I see all kinds of positives, but I don't know whether it leads to profitability or not, or whether it leads to these companies' long-term survival or not. But I see an equal amount of negatives."

The report said cost-cutting measures, such as labour agreements between the Canadian Auto Workers union and subsidiaries of Chrysler, General Motors and Ford (NYSE: F) will aid in the return to profitability.

General Motors and Chrysler have also reduced costs in other ways, such as cutting dealership networks, and reducing the number of shifts in operation. They also received a total of $13 billion in loans from the Canadian and Ontario governments.

"As of today, the outlook for the Canadian, Ontario and U.S. governments getting a good chunk of their loan money back is a lot more optimistic than it would have been six months ago," Faria said.

The Conference Board projects employment to rise 2.4 per cent to 53,200 workers in 2010 from 51,900 this year, after falling 19.4 per cent from 64,400 employees in 2008.

Next year's predicted employment gains would come after four years of steady declines.

Faria said there will continue to be job losses in assembly jobs for a short period of time, as the Detroit Three work to get production capacity in line with sales volumes.

But he added, some automakers are beginning to call employees back to work, and the trend will continue as production ramps up through 2010.

Toyota Canada announced Dec. 10 it is hiring 800 more people to raise production of a popular SUV built in Woodstock, Ont. by introducing a second shift.

GM Canada said last month it will recall 150 laid-off employees to its CAMI facility in Ingersoll, Ont., to meet strong demand for its 2010 Chevrolet Equinox and GMC Terrain. The company will also bring back 600 workers to its Oshawa, Ont., plant in 2011 to begin production of the company's new Buick Regal.

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Citigroup will suspend foreclosures and evictions for 30 days, giving 4,000 at-risk borrowers a break during the holiday season, the company said Thursday.

The New York-based bank said distressed homeowners with first mortgage loans owned by CitiMortgage or CityFinancial North America who also meet certain other criteria will not be subject to foreclosure sales or notifications between Dec. 18 and Jan. 17.

"We hope that with this suspension we can make the holidays a little less stressful for our customers who are going through a very difficult time," said Sanjiv Das, chief executive of CitiMortgage, in a statement.

Citi (C, Fortune 500) said the suspension affects 2,000 borrowers scheduled to have foreclosure sales and another 2,000 that were to receive foreclosure notices during the period, which amounts to approximately 20% of the company’s $746 billion mortgage servicing and lending portfolio low interest personal loan.

Fannie Mae (FNM, Fortune 500) also announced Thursday that it was suspending all foreclosure evictions from Dec. 19 through Jan. 3. All owners and tenants living in foreclosed properties that the mortgage financing company holds will not be subject to evictions during the holidays. 

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